Employees’ Provident Fund (EPF) is a retirement benefits scheme where the employee contributes 12% of his basic salary and dearness allowance every month. The employer also contributes an equivalent amount (8.33% towards EPS and 3.67% towards EPF) in the employee’s account. The employee can withdraw the accumulated corpus at the time of retirement and also during the service period for specific purposes.
EPF Interest Rate
| The EPF interest rate for the Financial Year 2017–2018 is 8.55%. |
The EPF interest rate is reviewed every year by EPFO’s Central Board of Trustees after consultation with the Ministry of Finance. The review of the EPF interest rate for a financial year is set at the end of the financial year (most probably in February but may go up to April or May).
The EPF interest rate for 2016-2017 was set at 8.65% whereas it was 8.80% for the financial year 2015-2016.
EPF Historical Interest Rates
Year |
EPF Interest Rates |
| 1952 – 1955 | 3.00% |
| 1955 – 1957 | 3.50% |
| 1957 – 1963 | 4.00% |
| 1963 – 1964 | 4.25% |
| 1965 – 1966 | 4.50% |
| 1966 – 1967 | 4.75% |
| 1967 – 1968 | 5.00% |
| 1968 – 1969 | 5.25% |
| 1969 – 1970 | 5.50% |
| 1970 – 1971 | 5.70% |
| 1971 – 1972 | 5.80% |
| 1972 – 1974 | 6.00% |
| 1974 – 1975 | 6.50% |
| 1975 – 1976 | 7.00% |
| 1976 – 1977 | 7.50% |
| 1977 – 1978 | 8.00% |
| 1978 – 1979 | 8.25% + 0.5% bonus (for members who did not withdraw any amount from their PF during 1976-1977 & 1977-1978) |
| 1979 – 1981 | 8.25% |
| 1981 – 1982 | 8.50% |
| 1982 – 1983 | 8.75% |
| 1983 – 1984 | 9.15% |
| 1984 – 1985 | 9.90% |
| 1985 – 1986 | 10.15% |
| 1986 – 1987 | 11.00% |
| 1987 – 1988 | 11.50% |
| 1988 – 1989 | 11.80% |
| 1989 – 2000 | 12.00% |
| 2000 – 2001 | 12% (April-June, 2001) and 11% (July, 2001 onwards) on monthly running balance |
| 2001 – 2004 | 9.50% |
| 2004 – 2005 | 9.50% (9% Interest + 0.5% Golden Jubilee bonus interest) |
| 2005 – 2010 | 8.50% |
| 2010 – 2011 | 9.50% |
| 2011 – 2012 | 8.25% |
| 2012 – 2013 | 8.50% |
| 2013 – 2015 | 8.75% |
| 2015 – 2016 | 8.80% |
| 2016 – 2017 | 8.65% |
| 2017 – 2018 | 8.55% |
EPF Contribution
EPF Contribution consists of two parts depending on the entity that makes the contribution – Employee’s contribution and Employer’s contribution.
The employee makes a contribution of 12% of basic salary + dearness allowance towards his EPF account. The employee has to make a lower 10% contribution in case the establishment has less than 20 employees or for industries such as (a) Jute (b) Beedi (c) Brick (d) Coir and (e) Guar gum Factories.
The employer makes a contribution of 8.33% towards the EPS (Employees’ Pension Scheme) account of the employee. Another 3.67% is added to the EPF account of the employee. The employer also makes 0.50% of contribution towards the EDLI (Employees’ Deposit Linked Insurance) account of the employee.
The employer has to pay an additional charge for administrative accounts at a rate of 0.50% with effect from 1st June 2018. The minimum administrative charge is ₹ 500 and if there is no contribution for a specific month, the employer has to pay a fee of ₹ 75 for that month.
How to Calculate Interest on EPF
EPF interest is calculated every month but is deposited in the account at the end of the financial year. The following example explains the interest calculation on EPF of the employee:
Basic Salary + Dearness Allowance = ₹ 15,000
Employee’s contribution towards EPF = 12% of ₹ 15,000 = ₹ 1,800
Employer’s contribution towards EPS = 8.33% of ₹ 15,000 = ₹ 1,250
Employer’s contribution towards EPF = Employee’s contribution – Employer’s contribution towards EPS = ₹ 550
Total EPF contribution every month = ₹ 1,800 + ₹ 550 = ₹ 2,350
The interest rate for 2017-2018 is 8.55%.
When calculating interest, the interest applicable per month is = 8.55%/12 = 0.7125%
Assuming the employee joined a service on 1st April 2017, contributions start for the financial year 2017 – 2018 from April
| Total EPF Contribution for April = ₹ 2,350 |
| Interest on the EPF contribution for April = Nil (No interest for the first month) |
| EPF account balance at the end of April = ₹ 2,350 |
| Total EPF Contribution for May = ₹ 2,350 |
| Total EPF contribution for May = ₹ 4,700 |
| Interest on the EPF contribution for May = ₹ 4,700 * 0.7125% = ₹ 33.49 |
The interest will be calculated every month but will be deposited only at the end of the financial year (on 31st March 2018 in this case).
Important Points to Consider
1) (Employee Provident Fund) EPF
- The maximum wage ceiling for the calculation of EPF contributions is ₹ 15,000
- The employee can make contributions at a higher rate but the employer is not bound to pay at the higher rate
- The employee and the employer has to submit a joint request for making higher contributions in the EPF account
- The employer, however, will have to pay higher administrative charges (at the rate including 0.50% of the employee’s wage above ₹ 15,000)
- There is no wage ceiling (₹ 15,000) for international workers
2) (Employees’ Pension Scheme) EPS
- The employer is not required to make the contribution when the employee reaches 58 years of age and is still in service
- The employer need not pay EPS contribution when the pensioner is drawing a reduced pension and re-joins as an employee
- The employee, who joins the service at an age of 50 or above and is not availing pension, does not have an option of not getting the pension contribution. The employee, or the employer, cannot say that the contribution should not be furnished as he will not be able to complete 10 years of service to avail pension benefits
3) (Employees’ Deposit Linked Scheme) EDLI
- The contribution to be made should be at a rate of the maximum wage ceiling of ₹ 15,000 even if the employee’s share is more than ₹ 15,000
- Each contribution is rounded off to the nearest rupee
- EDLI contribution has to be made even after the employee has completed the age of 58 years and should continue until the member is in service!