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What is Credit Score?

Credit score is a 3-digit numeric summary of your credit history that represents your creditworthiness. Credit Score is also commonly known as CIBIL Score (the score provided by TransUnion CIBIL), and ranges between 300 and 900. Your Credit Score is a measure of your ability to borrow from Banks and NBFCs, determined by your past credit behaviour.

  • CIBIL is one of the 4 Credit Information Companies (CICs) or Credit Bureaus in India that calculates and maintains your Credit Score.
  • Your Credit Score is based on the information provided by lenders. Information includes payment of EMIs, Credit Card bills, new loan applications etc.
  • To ensure bureaus have your latest credit information, RBI has mandated all lenders to report the updated credit information to all bureaus every 15 days.

Why is Credit Score Important?

Your credit score is one of the first things that a Bank or NBFC will check while evaluating your loan or credit card application. It shows lenders whether you are reliable or risky while repaying your loan EMIs or credit card outstanding.

  • The higher your credit score, the more likely lenders are to approve you for new credit
  • Many Banks and NBFCs offer lower rate of interests on personal loans and home loans to applicants with a strong credit score
  • Usually, a CIBIL Score of 760 and above is preferred by lenders for loan or credit card approval
  • In case your credit score is low (below 700), then try to improve it at the earliest or else the lender might reject the application without even considering it further

Note: Your credit score is not the only factor considered by lenders. They also check your income, repayment capacity, debt-to-income ratio, employment history, profession, etc.

Also Read: How Long Does it Take to Improve Credit Score?

How to Check Credit Score for Free?

You can check your CIBIL Score for free. You can track your updated Credit Score from CIBIL and other bureaus seamlessly every month - at zero cost.

Here’s how you can check your Credit Score for free in 3 simple steps:

  1. Navigate to the ‘Credit Score form
  2. Enter details like name, gender, mobile number and email address. Click on ‘Get Free Credit Report’
  3. On successful verification through OTP sent to your mobile number, you will get your credit score from multiple credit bureaus, including CIBIL
  4. Post this, your account will be created on Paisabazaar and your credit score would be updated each month, to help you track your credit health.

Note: Your credit score is not impacted when you check it through Paisabazaar or through a credit bureau’s platform directly.

Credit Score Range and Meaning

Your credit score ranges from 300 to 900. In terms of CIBIL Score, a score of over 760 is usually considered strong.

Category What does the score mean?
801-900 Excellent Your track record with credit is superb! With this score, you would meet the eligibility criteria of most banks and NBFCs and are likely to get the best offers.
761-800 Very Good You have been responsible with credit and have displayed very good credit behaviour. Most banks and NBFCs would be willing to offer you credit.
701-760 Good You have a good credit score, and your credit application may get approved by some lenders. However, you may still be ineligible for most loan and credit card offers. You should work on improving your score to increase your creditworthiness.
601-700 Average Your credit score needs improvement. Only a few lenders are likely to approve your credit application, and even if it is approved, you may end up paying interest at a higher rate and with stricter loan terms.
300-600 Poor Your credit history is damaged. You can rebuild your credit score if you follow a disciplined credit behaviour. Analyse your credit report to determine why your credit score is low and take action immediately.
<300/NH No Score/No History It means you have never taken a loan or a credit card and have no credit history. To be eligible for the best offers on loans and credit cards in the future, you need to build your credit score.

*These credit score ranges (i.e. Excellent, Good, etc.) are based on broad industry definitions.

How is Credit Score Calculated?

Your credit score depends on several factors that the credit bureaus take into consideration. These factors depict your past credit behaviour and are checked by banks and NBFCs, every time you apply for a fresh credit product.

Factors that Affect your Credit Score

Some of the key factors that influence your credit score are:

  1. Repayment History (High Impact): Timely payments can boost your credit score and help improve it significantly, whereas defaulting on your EMIs or making late payments negatively affects your credit score.
  2. Duration of Credit History (Moderate Impact): The duration or age of your credit history also affects your credit score. Responsible repayment of EMIs and cards over the long run represents consistent good credit behaviour.
  3. Number of Hard Inquiries (Moderate Impact): Every time you apply for new credit,, the lender inquires about your credit score. Such inquiries are known as hard inquiries. Multiple hard inquiries in a short span may have a short-term negative impact on your credit score.
  4. Credit Utilisation (Moderate Impact): The ratio of the credit you spent against what’s available to you is known as the credit utilisation ratio. Experts recommend keeping it to less than 30%; though even a higher CUR has a low impact on your credit score as long as you pay your credit card bill on time.
  5. Credit Mix (Low Impact): Ability to handle different kinds of credit products like home loans, car loans (secured) and personal loans, credit cards (unsecured) has a positive impact on your credit profile.

    In addition to the 5 primary factors affecting your credit score, issues like credit report errors, lack of credit history, or default by someone you’ve guaranteed a loan for can also have a mild negative impact.

    Also Read: Common Myths about Credit Score

    Benefits of a Good Credit Score

    1. Greater chances of your loan applications being approved, as a high credit score indicates higher creditworthiness and lower risk for the lender
    2. You are more likely to receive lower interest rates on loans
    3. You can get easy and quick approval for your loan and credit card applications
    4. Access to pre-approved loans based on your eligibility
    5. You can avail higher limits on your credit cards
    6. Waiver of processing fees and other charges

      Suggested Read: What Are the Benefits of a Good CIBIL Score?

      Reasons for a low Credit Score

      There can be several reasons for a low credit score. Some of the main factors that can lower your CIBIL score are:

      1. Missed or late payments of credit cards and loan EMIs
      2. Maxing out your credit limit or having a high credit utilisation ratio regularly
      3. Errors in your credit report/ CIBIL report can also lower your score significantly
      4. Frequent or multiple hard inquiries for credit can also damage your credit score
      5. Closing the oldest credit account if other credit accounts are relatively new (It reduces the age of the credit history)
      6. Settling the loan or credit card account instead of paying it in full and closing the account

      How to Increase Credit Score?

      • Pay all your loan EMIs and credit card bills on time
      • Check for unpaid due debt and repay immediately. Consider debt consolidation if unable to repay
      • Reduce excessive dependency on credit card, reduce your credit utilization ratio if you max out your credit card limit regularly
      • Check for errors in your credit report, get it rectified at the earliest from the credit bureau
      • Avoid applying for multiple loans or credit cards very frequently
      • Avoid closing your oldest credit card. A longer credit history helps build stronger score

      Why Get your CIBIL Score from Paisabazaar?

      • Check & Compare Credit Score from all bureaus - CIBIL, Experian, CRIF High Mark and Equifax - seamlessly
      • Get customized offers: Those with healthy credit profiles can avail pre-approved offers from India's top banks and NBFCs
      • Build your credit score: Our credit advisory and improvement service offers insights and an actionable plan to improve CIBIL score. Our credit health report provides deep analysis and insights
      • Credit Score Predictor: You can simulate how different credit actions can impact CIBIL score, to understand the impact of good and bad credit behaviour
      • PB Assist AI Chatbot: This industry-first chatbot empowers consumers to make informed credit decisions via real-time solutions offered through a chatbot
      • PB Video Credit Report explains your credit profile in a self-explanatory video and provides actionable insights to build and maintain a high score

      FAQs on Credit Score

      A CIBIL score of 600 can primarily be due to a default or missed payment. Even NPAs can lower your credit score significantly. Start making timely repayments, pay off any dues, if present, do not conduct credit enquiries until score improves and keep overall credit utilisation low.
      A fall in score can also be due to inaccurate information in the credit report. If you find any such information in your credit report, raise a dispute immediately and get it resolved at the earliest.

      A good credit score is very important to get your application approved for loans such as a personal loan or a home loan. Applicants who do not have a credit score can also get their loan applications approved. However, new-to-credit applicants may not get the best loan offers and may have to avail loans at a higher cost of credit.

      Most lenders consider a CIBIL score of 750 and above as a good score for loans and credit cards. You may lose out on numerous good credit card and loan offers if you have a CIBIL score between 700 and 750. Even if your loan application gets approved, you may end up paying a higher cost of credit.

      A credit score is generated by a credit bureau that gives insights into the creditworthiness of the applicant. When this score is generated by TransUnion CIBIL, one of the most trusted credit bureaus in India, the credit score is known as the CIBIL score. Other bureaus providing credit scores are Experian, Equifax and CRIF High Mark.

      Your PAN card is a mandatory document required to generate your credit score. To check CIBIL score with a PAN card at Paisabazaar, you have to fill in the personal details such as name, gender, mobile number, etc., along with your PAN details to get the CIBIL score for free.

      The CIBIL score requirement for credit cards varies from one issuer to another. Where most issuers require a minimum CIBIL score of 750 for approval, some issuers may issue you a credit card even if you have a lower score. However, it is recommended that you maintain a CIBIL score as close to 900 as possible to be eligible for some of the best credit card offers.

      Checking your CIBIL score on your own is considered a soft enquiry. It is not mentioned in your credit report and thus has no impact on your score. When a lender fetches your CIBIL report to assess your credit application, your CIBIL score may witness a temporary downfall.

      Your CIBIL score is refreshed every 15 days. At Paisabazaar, you can check your latest credit score once every month.

      The best option to get a credit card without a CIBIL score is by applying for a secured credit card. This card is issued against a fixed deposit, and the lender does not check your credit score to approve your application.

      Your CIBIL score is generated within three months of you starting to use a credit product. If you have availed a credit product recently, you can visit Paisabazaar, enter details and check your credit score for the first time for free. If the score is not generated, you can wait for the next cycle and check again.

      Your credit score is the most important factor when determining your creditworthiness for a loan or credit card. A high score can make it easier for you to avail the credit product whereas a low score can cause rejection of your credit application.

      A score closer to 900 means that you have handled credit very well in the past and you may be eligible for some of the best loan and credit card offers. It may be very difficult to reach a score of 900 but even if you get close to 900, you are considered as one of the best prospects for a lender.

      There can be various reasons that impact your CIBIL score. Any small default can impact your score. To find out the actual reason for the decrease in your score, download the Credit Health Report from Paisabazaar and check all factors that impact your score.

      Any score above 750 is considered a good credit score. You may get some loans or credit cards approved at a score of 720 but you will definitely miss out on some of the best loan and credit card offers.

      Closing a credit card will lower your overall credit limit and increase your credit utilisation ratio which may somewhat impact your credit score. If you close your oldest active credit card, your age of credit history will also reduce which may impact your credit score as well.

      You can provide your Aadhar Card as an ID proof while checking your CIBIL Score. It is not possible to check your credit score using an Aadhar Card only. You need to provide your PAN card to check your credit score from any credit bureau in India as your CIBIL Score is directly linked to your PAN card.

      Both Experian and CIBIL use their own proprietary models to calculate the credit score for an applicant. Thus, the applicant may have different credit scores for two different credit bureaus.

      Credit mix is a collection of all credit products availed by you. It may contain secured as well as unsecured credit. Having only one type of credit product may impact your score negatively whereas your credit score might get positively impacted if you have handled a variety of credit products in the past.

      You can raise a dispute directly with the credit bureau by mentioning the details of the error in the report with required proof, if available. The bureau requests information from the lender and based on the information provided, updates the entry in your credit report.

      A CIBIL score of minus 1 indicates that the credit bureau does not have any information regarding an applicant’s credit history. Thus, lenders would not be able to assess the risk of approving your credit application. Due to this, you may miss out on numerous good credit card and loan offers.

      Your CIBIL score is confidential personal information that only you or a few authorized entities (on your consent) are allowed to access. These authorized entities can access your credit report only under specific circumstances, for instance, when you apply for a new loan or credit card.
      Some authorized entities that can access your CIBIL score/report include financial institutions and banks, who are trusted CIBIL members. No other individual or entity has access to your credit report.

      Any financial institution where you have applied for credit, be it a loan or credit card, can request your credit report from a credit bureau, such as CIBIL. When you fill the application form, you consent to let the lender request your credit report from the bureau. Without this consent, no entity or individual can access your credit report.

      800 is considered a very good credit score. It will make you a very good prospect for a lender and the lender would reciprocate this creditworthiness in the form of various benefits such as quick approval, lower interest rates, low/no processing fees, etc.

      A CIBIL score for 760 is generally considered good enough to be eligible for various loan and credit card offers. It shows that you have handled credit smartly in the past and the risk of approving your credit application for a lender is relatively low. You also become eligible for various pre-approved offers in future.

      Your current lenders report your loan/credit card status to CIBIL periodically and these details get reflected in your report over time. Therefore, if you close out a loan or credit card account this month, it might still reflect in your credit report.

      Multiple credit enquiries in a short span show the desperation for credit by an applicant. Every hard enquiry has the potential to lower the credit score. Multiple hard enquiries in a short period have a huge potential to lower the credit score significantly. Instead, one should do proper research and compare loans or credit cards by various providers and apply only for the best feasible product.

      A lender first looks at your credit score while considering your application for a loan. If your credit score is low, your loan application can get rejected even if you have a high salary or low credit utilization ratio. You should check your credit score free online to see the reason behind a poor score.

      All banks and NBFCs are CIBIL members and provide details of loans and credit card repayments to CIBIL monthly. When you request the credit report, CIBIL accesses these details and calculates the score based on the data provided by the members.

      The same logic holds true for credit scores prepared by other 3 leading credit bureaus, such as Experian, Equifax and CRIF High Mark.

      The basic differences between the CIBIL report and CIBIL Rank are mentioned below:

      CIBIL Report:

      • CIBIL report is a detailed summary of consumer credit history generated by TransUnion CIBIL.
      • It contains historical data of all the loans and credit cards repayments.
      • A Credit report consists of data compiled from the applicant’s payment history, length of credit history, credit utilization, amount owed, etc.

      CIBIL Rank:

      • Credit Rank represents a company's creditworthiness that is denoted by numbers scaled from Rank 1 to 10.
      • It holds the historical record of the company’s all loans and business credit card repayments.
      • Companies with CIBIL Rank 1 are the most preferred borrowers while those with CIBIL Rank 10 are the least preferred.

      Currently, your credit score, whether reported by CIBIL, Experian, Equifax or CRIF High Mark, is one of the key factors that determine your eligibility to get a new credit product. Different banks and NBFCs have different cut-off criteria in providing new credit products.
      Maintaining a good credit score (closer to 900) definitely improves your chances of getting approvals on additional credit products. However, CIBIL score (or credit score) is not the only criteria that determine a person’s eligibility to secure new credit. Lenders also take into account other factors like your debt to income ratio, credit and employment history, their own internal criteria, etc. before making lending decisions.

      Credit report or credit score is applicable for the individuals, which is provided by the four credit bureaus available in India, namely, CIBIL TransUnion, Experian, Equifax or CRIF High Mark. On the other hand Credit rating is provided by CRISIL, ICRA, etc. and is applicable for companies and organizations.

      Even though a few factors might impact your credit approval, some do not impact your credit score. The most common factors among those can be your take-home salary, location of residence, employment history, age, etc.

      So, instead of these, you should focus primarily on timely repayments, credit enquiries only when required, regularly checking the credit report for errors, etc.

      When you check your credit score on Paisabazaar, you get scores from multiple bureaus. Your CIBIL report is provided on the dashboard where your CIBIL score is published. You can download your CIBIL report here and use DDMMYYYY as password.

      Your CIBIL score is calculated from your credit history. So, if you have never taken any credit product like a loan or credit card, CIBIL will assign you a "New to Credit" tag, which means you have no credit history.

      It becomes difficult for the lender to determine the risk category you fall into in case you have never taken a loan or never had a credit card.

      Applying for a lot of credit products in quick succession represents you as a credit hungry person. So, many banks do not approve your loan or credit card application, even if you have a high credit score and low credit utilization ratio.

      Becoming a guarantor for someone else’s loan makes you liable to pay the loan in case he/she fails to do so. The guarantor’s CIBIL score is impacted in case he/she fails to repay a loan where the primary borrower has already defaulted.

      Your CIBIL Score includes only credit-related information and does not consider your salary, savings account, investments, rent, insurance or utility bill payments.

      Any negative information, such as missed payments, loan default, settlement, etc., remains in your credit report for 7 years. All DPD information for each credit account remains in your CIBIL report and the credit report of other bureaus for 3 years.

      If you do not have a CIBIL Score or Credit Score from any other bureau, you will be considered ‘New to Credit’. You can start building credit by getting a credit card and using it responsibly. With disciplined usage and timely payments on your credit card, you can build a good credit score in 3-6 months.

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